Many campuses have hundreds of miles of underground raceway and thousands of underground structures for power and telecommunications systems.   Several concepts advancing “safety by design” principles were submitted to the technical committee developing a new worker safety standard — NFPA 350.   More information is available at this link:

http://standards.plantops.umich.edu/13-82-nfpa-350-guide-for-safe-confined-space-entry-and-work/