Spintronics – Perspectives and Challenges

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Abstract:
Conventional CMOS technology has reached to the brink of its scaling limits and poses significant
challenges for the development of next generation high-speed ultra-low power cost-effective memory
and processing devices. The failure of Moore’s law on the technology roadmap has enforced the
research community to explore alternative technology solutions to mitigate the problems.
In the post-CMOS era, spintronics shall emerge as a potentially viable interdisciplinary field with credible
technological perspectives. Spintronic exploits an electron’s spin orientation and its associated magnetic
moment as a state variable instead of a conventionally used charge in CMOS technology.
In general, the spintronic devices are layered structure of ferromagnetic materials and provide the
nonvolatile storage options and manipulations of logic states. Spin transfer torque (STT) and spin orbit
torque (SOT) devices using magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have become strong contenders for the
nonvolatile embedded memory architectures with the capability of implementing the concepts of &quot;logic-
in-memory&quot; and &quot;material-device-circuit co-design.&quot; The spin torque devices offer the features of
&quot;universal memory&quot; i.e., high speed, nonvolatility, high density, and low power, high endurance, CMOS
process compatibility. Apart from the basic spin torque devices, the field of spintronics encloses all spin
logic (ASL) devices, domain wall (DW) based devices, spin diodes, and spin FETs. The material and device
level roadmaps for the field of spintronics suggest that the research work is at the infant stage and still
require different elemental spin device developments with the understanding of associated underlying
physics. In addition, the accurate models for the spintronic devices imitating the effect of stochastic
behaviour and PVT variations need to be explored. Spintronics based architectures are being considered
for computing applications such as bio-inspired computing and quantum computing. These spintronics
based novel computing approaches find applications in image processing and provides efficient solution
to the complex computing problems.

Speaker:
Dr. Brajesh Kumar Kaushik,
Distinguished Lecturer-IEEE EDS
Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
Indian Institute of Technology-Roorkee